G. H. Ristow 1997 Europhys. Lett. 40 625 doi:10.1209/epl/i1997-00514-3
G. H. Ristow
Show affiliationsThe solid-fluid phase transition of a granular material shaken horizontally is investigated numerically. We find that it is a second-order phase transition and propose two order parameters, namely the averaged kinetic energy and the averaged granular temperature, to determine the fluidization point precisely. It scales with the acceleration of the external vibration. Using this fluidization point as critical point, we discuss the scaling of the kinetic energy and show that the kinetic energy and the granular temperature show two different universal critical-point exponents for a wide range of excitation amplitudes.
Issue 6 (15 December 1997)
Received 28 February 1997, accepted for publication 31 October 1997, in final form 31 October 1997
G. H. Ristow 1997 Europhys. Lett. 40 625
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