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Enhanced angular resolution from multiply scattered waves

Clifford J Nolan1, Margaret Cheney2, Thomas Dowling1 and Romina Gaburro1

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Multiply scattered waves are often neglected in imaging methods, largely because of the inability of standard algorithms to deal with the associated non-linear models. This paper shows that by incorporating a known environment into the background model, we not only retain the benefits of imaging techniques based on linear models, but also obtain different views of the target scatterer. The net result is an enhanced angular resolution of the target to be imaged. We carry out our analysis in the context of high-frequency radar imaging, in which a steerable beam from a moving platform is used to produce an image of a region on the earth's surface (the target scatterers being buildings, etc). We consider the case where the target we want to image is situated in the vicinity of an a priori known reflecting wall. This is one of the simplest possible multipathing environments for the scatterer, and in the case when the illuminating beam is narrow enough to isolate different scattering paths, we will show that the imaging process achieves enhanced angular resolution. Although we carry out our analysis here in the context of radar, our technique is general enough that it can be adapted to many imaging modalities, such as acoustics, ultrasound, elasticity, etc. The extension of the method to other more complicated environments is also possible.


PACS

42.30.Va Image forming and processing

91.30.-f Seismology

41.20.Jb Electromagnetic wave propagation; radiowave propagation

43.60.Pt Signal processing techniques for acoustic inverse problems

02.30.Zz Inverse problems

MSC

78A40 Waves and radiation

86A15 Seismology

78A46 Inverse scattering problems

35R30 Inverse problems (undetermined coefficients, etc.) for PDE

78A25 Electromagnetic theory, general

Subjects

Mathematical physics

Accelerators, beams and electromagnetism

Optics, quantum optics and lasers

Environmental and Earth science

Dates

Issue 5 (October 2006)

Received 11 April 2006, in final form 20 July 2006

Published 18 September 2006



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