Alex Casanova and Euro Spallucci 2006 Class. Quantum Grav. 23 R45 doi:10.1088/0264-9381/23/3/R01
Alex Casanova1,2,3 and Euro Spallucci1,3
Show affiliationsIt is generally believed that mini black holes decay by emitting elementary particles with a black body energy spectrum. The original calculation leads to the conclusion that about the 90% of the black hole mass is radiated away in the form of photons, neutrinos and light leptons, mainly electrons and muons. With the advent of string theory, such a scenario must be updated by including new effects coming from the stringy nature of particles and interactions. The main modifications with respect to the original picture of black hole evaporation come from recent developments in non-perturbative string theory globally referred to as TeV-scale gravity. By taking for granted that black holes can be produced in hadronic collisions, then their decay must take into account that: (i) we live in a D3 brane embedded into a higher dimensional bulk spacetime; (ii) fundamental interactions, including gravity, are unified at the TeV energy scale. Thus, the formal description of the Hawking radiation mechanism has to be extended to the case of more than four spacetime dimensions and includes the presence of D-branes. This kind of topological defect in the bulk spacetime fabric acts as a sort of 'cosmic fly-paper' trapping electro-weak standard model elementary particles in our (3 + 1)-dimensional universe. Furthermore, unification of fundamental interactions at an energy scale many orders of magnitude lower than the Planck energy implies that any kind of fundamental particle, not only leptons, is expected to be emitted. A detailed understanding of the new scenario is instrumental for optimal tuning of detectors at future colliders, where, hopefully, this exciting new physics will be tested. In this review, we study higher dimensional black hole decay, considering not only the emission of particles according to the Hawking mechanism, but also their near-horizon QED/QCD interactions. The ultimate motivation is to build up a phenomenologically reliable scenario, allowing a clear experimental signature of the event.
04.70.-s Physics of black holes
12.60.-i Models beyond the standard model
11.27.+d Extended classical solutions; cosmic strings, domain walls, texture
12.38.Aw General properties of QCD (dynamics, confinement, etc.)
81V05 Strong interaction, including quantum chromodynamics
81V10 Electromagnetic interaction; quantum electrodynamics
81T30 String and superstring theories; other extended objects (e.g., branes) (See also 83E30)
Issue 3 (7 February 2006)
Received 27 July 2005, in final form 12 October 2005
Published 10 January 2006
Alex Casanova and Euro Spallucci 2006 Class. Quantum Grav. 23 R45
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