Tomasz Pawlowski et al 2004 Class. Quantum Grav. 21 1237 doi:10.1088/0264-9381/21/4/033
Tomasz Pawlowski1,3, Jerzy Lewandowski1,3,4 and Jacek Jezierski2,3
Show affiliationsIt seems to be expected that a horizon of a quasi-local type, such as a Killing or an isolated horizon, by analogy with a globally defined event horizon, should be unique in some open neighbourhood in the spacetime, provided the vacuum Einstein or the Einstein–Maxwell equations are satisfied. The aim of our paper is to verify whether that intuition is correct. If one can extend a so-called Kundt metric, in such a way that its null, shear-free surfaces have spherical spacetime sections, the resulting spacetime is foliated by so-called non-expanding horizons. The obstacle is Kundt's constraint induced at the surfaces by the Einstein or the Einstein–Maxwell equations, and the requirement that a solution be globally defined on the sphere. We derived a transformation (reflection) that creates a solution to Kundt's constraint out of data defining an extremal isolated horizon. Using that transformation, we derived a class of exact solutions to the Einstein or Einstein–Maxwell equations of very special properties. Each spacetime we construct is foliated by a family of the Killing horizons. Moreover, it admits another, transversal Killing horizon. The intrinsic and extrinsic geometries of the transversal Killing horizon coincide with the one defined on the event horizon of the extremal Kerr–Newman solution. However, the Killing horizon in our example admits yet another Killing vector tangent to and null at it. The geometries of the leaves are given by the reflection.
04.40.Nr Einstein-Maxwell spacetimes, spacetimes with fluids, radiation or classical fields
02.40.-k Geometry, differential geometry, and topology
Issue 4 (21 February 2004)
Received 16 October 2003
Published 27 January 2004
Tomasz Pawlowski et al 2004 Class. Quantum Grav. 21 1237
F Hayot and C Jayaprakash 2004 Phys. Biol. 1 205
P B Jensen and V Andersen 1982 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 15 785
C S Riera and E Risler 2002 Nonlinearity 15 1843
Adán Cabello and Guillermo García-Alcaine 1997 J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 30 725
R. Raman et al 2007 Nucl. Fusion 47 792
Ignacio Lira and Wolfgang Wöger 2006 Metrologia 43 S249
G Cavagnero et al 2004 Metrologia 41 445
Lijia Liu et al 2009 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 190 012134
Charles A Greenhall 2007 Metrologia 44 491