Ron Donagi et al 2000 Class. Quantum Grav. 17 1049 doi:10.1088/0264-9381/17/5/314
Ron Donagi
, Burt A Ovrut
, Tony Pantev
and Daniel Waldram§
We present a class of N = 1 supersymmetric `standard' models of particle physics, derived directly from heterotic M-theory, that contain three families of chiral quarks and leptons coupled to the gauge group SU (3)C × SU (2)L × U (1)Y . These models are a fundamental form of `brane world' theories, with an observable and hidden sector each confined, after compactification on a Calabi-Yau 3-fold, to a BPS 3-brane separated by a higher-dimensional bulk space with size of the order of the intermediate scale. The requirement of three families, coupled to the fundamental conditions of anomaly freedom and supersymmetry, constrains these models to contain additional 5-branes located in the bulk space and wrapped around holomorphic curves in the Calabi-Yau 3-fold.
11.25.Sq Nonperturbative techniques; string field theory
02.40.-k Geometry, differential geometry, and topology
12.60.Jv Supersymmetric models
11.25.Wx String and brane phenomenology
14J32 Calabi-Yau manifolds, mirror symmetry
15A24 Matrix equations and identities
81T30 String and superstring theories; other extended objects (e.g., branes) (See also 83E30)
81T60 Supersymmetric field theories
81T13 Yang-Mills and other gauge theories (See also 53C07, 58E15)
Issue 5 (7 March 2000)
Received 9 November 1999
Ron Donagi et al 2000 Class. Quantum Grav. 17 1049
A M Sayler et al 2006 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 39 1701
A S Kheifets and I A Ivanov 2006 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 39 1731
Guy Ratel 2006 Metrologia 43 S244
D J Wayne and Anne R Chamney 1969 Phys. Med. Biol. 14 9
R Sameni et al 2008 Physiol. Meas. 29 595
Marco M Caldarelli and Dietmar Klemm 2004 Class. Quantum Grav. 21 L17
L Y Shih 1974 J. Phys. A: Math. Nucl. Gen. 7 2109
Apollo Segal 1999 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 32 991
Chris King and Peter Kennett 2002 Phys. Educ. 37 467