In the last 30 days

• Open/close HYDROPEROXIDES OF ALKYLARENES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES

  S V Zavgorodnii 1961 Russ. Chem. Rev. 30 133 Tag this article

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  CONTENTS
  I. Introduction 133
  II. Liquid-phase autoxidation of alkylarenes 133
  III. Liquid-phase oxidation of dialkylbenzenes 137
  IV. Liquid-phase oxidation of trialkylbenzenes 141
  V. Liquid-phase oxidation of polynuclear arenes 142
  VI. Liquid-phase oxidation of substituted alkylbenzenes 143
  VII. Isolation and separation of hydroperoxides 144
  VIII. Mechanism of liquid-phase oxidation of alkylarenes 145
  IX. Mechanism and kinetics of the cleavage of hydroperoxides 146
  X. Cleavage of hydroperoxides into phenols and aliphatic ketones 148
  XI. Cleavage of hydroperoxides into alcohols, aldehydes, or ketones 149
  XII. Formation of peroxides 150
  XIII. Initiation of polymerisation by hydroperoxides 150
• Open/close Dissociation of Positive Molecular Ions

  A A Perov et al 1975 Russ. Chem. Rev. 44 523 Tag this article

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  The dissociation of accelerated positive molecular ions on collision with atoms and molecules (impact dissociation) is considered. Various experimental methods for the investigation of such dissociation are compared. The mechanisms of the impact dissociation of molecular ions are examined in relation to the simplest diatomic ions. Attention is concentrated on the impact dissociation of polyatomic ions. The scope of this in the determination of the structures and energetics of excited ions is discussed.
  The bibliography includes 120 references.
• Open/close Radiation chemistry of crown-compounds

  Valentin V Makhlyarchuk and Stanislav V Zatonskii 1992 Russ. Chem. Rev. 61 484 Tag this article

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  The results of studies on the radiation-chemical reactions in various systems containing crown-ethers and their analogues are surveyed and analysed in the review. The use of crown-compounds as extractants for the selective isolation of radionuclides is considered from the standpoint of radiation chemistry. Data concerning the radiolysis of individual crown-ethers as well as their aqueous and non-aqueous solution are described. Good prospects for the application of macrocyclic compounds and their complexes in the study of the mechanisms of radiation-chemical processes are demonstrated. The bibliography includes 142 references.
• Open/close Red fluorescent proteins and their properties

  K D Piatkevich et al 2010 Russ. Chem. Rev. 79 243 Tag this article

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  The main groups of currently known red fluorescent proteins are characterized: their structure, folding and mechanisms of chromophore formation are discussed. The key applications of these proteins as markers and sensors in cell and molecular biology are demonstrated.

• Open/close Bromination of deactivated aromatic compounds

  Alexander M Andrievsky and Mikhail V Gorelik 2011 Russ. Chem. Rev. 80 421 Tag this article

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  The methods of bromination of aromatic compounds containing electron-withdrawing substituents are reviewed. The relevant reagents, catalysts, reaction media and putative reaction mechanisms are discussed.

• Open/close Formation of ordered nanoparticle assemblies by block copolymer lithography methods

  Vladimir V Terekhin et al 2011 Russ. Chem. Rev. 80 453 Tag this article

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  The results of experimental studies devoted to the formation of highly ordered nanoparticle assemblies on planar substrates of various nature using block copolymer lithography methods are presented. The structure and properties of such assemblies and the design of thin-film polymer–metal composites based thereon are discussed. The attention is focused on the assemblies obtained by nanoparticle synthesis in the micelles of amphiphilic diblock copolymers.

• Open/close Reactions of carbon acids and 1,3-dipoles in the presence of ionic liquids

  Sergei G Zlotin and Nina N Makhova 2010 Russ. Chem. Rev. 79 543 Tag this article

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  The review is devoted to the use of ionic liquids as solvents, immobilized organocatalysts and reagents in reactions involving carbon acids and 1,3-dipoles, which are widely used to prepare practically valuable organic compounds of various classes. The characteristic features of processes in the presence of ionic liquids, the effects of the structure of cations and anions on the regio-, stereo- and enantioselectivities of reactions and methods of recovery of ionic liquids are considered.

• Open/close Multicomponent reactions of isocyanides in the synthesis of heterocycles

  Aleksandr V Ivachtchenko et al 2010 Russ. Chem. Rev. 79 787 Tag this article

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  The latest achievements in the field of isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of heterocycles are generalized. The attention is focused on the intramolecular Ugi reactions of oxocarboxylic acids and the reactions of diaza nucleophiles developed in recent years. The data on the biological activities of the products are presented and the advantages of this method as a convenient and effective tool of medicinal chemistry are demonstrated.

• Open/close Synthesis and properties of carbohydrate–phosphate backbone-modified oligonucleotide analogues and nucleic acid mimetics

  Tatyana V Abramova and Vladimir N Silnikov 2011 Russ. Chem. Rev. 80 429 Tag this article

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  Advances in the synthesis of oligo(deoxy)ribonucleotide analogues and nucleic acid mimetics made in the last decade are summarized. Attention is focused on new methods for the synthesis of derivatives with a modified ribose–phosphate backbone (phosphorothioate, boranophosphate, and nucleoside phosphonate derivatives) and derivatives devoid of the phosphate group. Among nucleic acid mimetics, conformationally restricted modified peptide nucleic acids, including those bearing a negative or positive charge, and morpholino oligomers are considered. Advantages and drawbacks of the main types of analogues as regards the complexity of the synthesis and the possibility of their application as antisense agents or reagents for hybridization analysis are compared.

• Open/close Kinetics of fast photochemical charge separation and charge recombination reactions

  Anatoly I Ivanov and V A Mikhailova 2010 Russ. Chem. Rev. 79 1047 Tag this article

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  The review is devoted to studies of the kinetics of fast photochemical processes in liquid solutions. With use of abundant experimental data and results of theoretical simulations, it is shown that a nonequilibrium state of the nuclear subsystem plays a key role in ultrafast charge transfer processes. A comparison of different approaches and theories developed in recent years for a quantitative description of fast chemical processes is performed and influence of spectral characteristics of an exciting pulse, as well as that of dynamic properties of solvents on the kinetics of these processes are analyzed. The methods to control the efficiency of photochemical charge transfer reactions in a nonequilibrium mode are systematized.