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Second harmonic inversion for ultrasound contrast harmonic imaging

FEATURED ARTICLE

Mirza Pasovic1,2, Mike Danilouchkine1, Telli Faez1, Paul L M J van Neer1, Christian Cachard2, Antonius F W van der Steen1, Olivier Basset2 and Nico de Jong1

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Ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) are small micro-bubbles that behave nonlinearly when exposed to an ultrasound wave. This nonlinear behavior can be observed through the generated higher harmonics in a back-scattered echo. In past years several techniques have been proposed to detect or image harmonics produced by UCAs. In these proposed works, the harmonics generated in the medium during the propagation of the ultrasound wave played an important role, since these harmonics compete with the harmonics generated by the micro-bubbles. We present a method for the reduction of the second harmonic generated during nonlinear-propagation-dubbed second harmonic inversion (SHI). A general expression for the suppression signals is also derived. The SHI technique uses two pulses, p' and p'', of the same frequency f0 and the same amplitude P0 to cancel out the second harmonic generated by nonlinearities of the medium. Simulations show that the second harmonic is reduced by 40 dB on a large axial range. Experimental SHI B-mode images, from a tissue-mimicking phantom and UCAs, show an improvement in the agent-to-tissue ratio (ATR) of 20 dB compared to standard second harmonic imaging and 13 dB of improvement in harmonic power Doppler.


 

For more information on this article see medicalphysicsweb.org

PACS

87.63.D- Ultrasonography

43.80.Qf Medical diagnosis with acoustics (in PACS, see also 87.63.D−)

43.25.Yw Acoustic cavitation, vibration of gas bubbles in liquids

87.57.C- Image quality

Subjects

Biological physics

Medical physics

Dates

Issue 11 (7 June 2011)

Received 23 November 2010, in final form 25 March 2011

Published 4 May 2011



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