George I Gialousis et al 2006 Phys. Med. Biol. 51 287 doi:10.1088/0031-9155/51/2/007
George I Gialousis1, Emmanouel N Yakoumakis1, Despina I Papadopoulou1, Triantafillia K Makri1,2, Nikolaos E Yakoumakis3, Panayiotis A Dimitriou4 and Evangelos K Georgiou1
Show affiliationsEffective dose (E) and energy imparted (ε) can be used to quantify the risk of radiation-induced carcinogenesis or hereditary effects arising from radiographic exposures. When the children are examined or treated for idiopathic scoliokyphosis it is important to estimate E and ε in the patients due to full spine x-ray examination. The aim of this study is to calculate E and ε in the case of children of 5 and 10 years old who undergo full spine x-ray examination using the Monte Carlo approach. Dose area product (DAP) and entrance surface dose (ESD) were also used. AP, PA, RLAT, LLAT projections are simulated by using appropriate energy spectra. According to the results, the effective dose (E) and the energy imparted (ε) are smaller at PA projection than AP, although for spine the opposite occurs, in agreement with previous studies. On the other hand, E and ε do not differ statistically among RLAT and LLAT projections. Moreover, the role of lung and bone as tissue inhomogeneities in ε is shown to be very important.
Issue 2 (21 January 2006)
Received 7 June 2005, in final form 9 November 2005
Published 21 December 2005
George I Gialousis et al 2006 Phys. Med. Biol. 51 287
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