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Transaxial system models for jPET-D4 image reconstruction

Taiga Yamaya1, Naoki Hagiwara2, Takashi Obi2, Masahiro Yamaguchi2, Nagaaki Ohyama2, Keishi Kitamura3,1, Tomoyuki Hasegawa4, Hideaki Haneishi5, Eiji Yoshida1, Naoko Inadama1 and Hideo Murayama1

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A high-performance brain PET scanner, jPET-D4, which provides four-layer depth-of-interaction (DOI) information, is being developed to achieve not only high spatial resolution, but also high scanner sensitivity. One technical issue to be dealt with is the data dimensions which increase in proportion to the square of the number of DOI layers. It is, therefore, difficult to apply algebraic or statistical image reconstruction methods directly to DOI-PET, though they improve image quality through accurate system modelling. The process that requires the most computational time and storage space is the calculation of the huge number of system matrix elements. The DOI compression (DOIC) method, which we have previously proposed, reduces data dimensions by a factor of 1/5. In this paper, we propose a transaxial imaging system model optimized for jPET-D4 with the DOIC method. The proposed model assumes that detector response functions (DRFs) are uniform along line-of-responses (LORs). Then each element of the system matrix is calculated as the summed intersection lengths between a pixel and sub-LORs weighted by a value from the DRF look-up-table. 2D numerical simulation results showed that the proposed model cut the calculation time by a factor of several hundred while keeping image quality, compared with the accurate system model. A 3D image reconstruction with the on-the-fly calculation of the system matrix is within the practical limitations by incorporating the proposed model and the DOIC method with one-pass accelerated iterative methods.


PACS

87.57.uk Positron emission tomography (PET)

87.57.C- Image quality

87.63.-d Non-ionizing radiation equipment and techniques

87.57.N- Image analysis

02.60.Cb Numerical simulation; solution of equations

Subjects

Computational physics

Medical physics

Dates

Issue 22 (21 November 2005)

Received 31 March 2005, in final form 31 August 2005

Published 2 November 2005



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