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Ionization chambers

H Schrader

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The equipment, working principles, performance and disturbing effects of re-entrant (or 4π) pressurized ionization-chamber measuring systems for activity determinations of photon-emitting radionuclide sources are described. Important features of these systems are the measuring geometry—generally reproducible and repeatable, 'stable' measurement conditions and instrument response, in particular linearity with varying activity. Properties of the current-measuring electronics are also considered. Basic equations for instrument calibrations and related uncertainties are given. A few applications, particularly half-life measurements, are represented. Finally, the bibliography of publications during the past ten years is reviewed.


PACS

29.40.Cs Gas-filled counters: ionization chambers, proportional, and avalanche counters

Subjects

Accelerators, beams and electromagnetism

Nuclear physics

Instrumentation and measurement

Particle physics and field theory

Dates

Issue 4 (August 2007)

Received 14 February 2007

Published 2 August 2007



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