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Solid state magnetic field sensors and applications

REVIEW ARTICLE

J Heremans

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Discusses the properties of magnetic field sensors based on semiconductors such as Hall generators and magnetoresistors, and on magnetic metals, such as permalloy and the recently discovered 'giant magnetoresistance' metallic multilayers. Some emphasis is placed on the comparison between sensors made using these different technologies. Applications of magnetic field sensors in magnetic recording technology and in position sensing are discussed briefly. Typically a sensor has to detect the difference between a high and a low value of field, around an average, which is of the order of 10-3 T in recording applications, but can exceed 0.1 T in position sensors.


PACS

85.70.Kh Magnetic thin film devices: magnetic heads (magnetoresistive, inductive, etc.); domain-motion devices, etc.

85.75.Ss Magnetic field sensors using spin polarized transport

85.30.Fg Bulk semiconductor and conductivity oscillation devices (including Hall effect devices, space-charge-limited devices, and Gunn effect devices)

75.47.De Giant magnetoresistance

85.75.Nn Hybrid Hall devices

Subjects

Electronics and devices

Condensed matter: electrical, magnetic and optical

Semiconductors

Surfaces, interfaces and thin films

Dates

Issue 8 (14 August 1993)



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