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STRONG FIELD EFFECTS ON PULSAR ARRIVAL TIMES: GENERAL ORIENTATIONS

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Yan Wang1,2, Teviet Creighton2, Richard H. Price2 and Frederick A. Jenet2

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A pulsar beam passing close to a black hole can provide a probe of very strong gravitational fields even if the pulsar itself is not in a strong field region. In the case that the spin of the hole can be ignored, we have previously shown that all strong field effects on the beam can be understood in terms of two "universal" functions: F(phiin) and T(phiin) of the angle of beam emission phiin; these functions are universal in that they depend only on a single parameter, the pulsar/black hole distance from which the beam is emitted. Here we apply this formalism to general pulsar-hole-observer geometries, with arbitrary alignment of the pulsar spin axis and arbitrary pulsar beam direction and angular width. We show that the analysis of the observational problem has two distinct elements: (1) the computation of the location and trajectory of an observer-dependent "keyhole" direction of emission in which a signal can be received by the observer; and (2) the determination of an annulus that represents the set of directions containing beam energy. Examples of each are given along with an example of a specific observational scenario.


Keywords

black hole physics; pulsars: general


Dates

Issue 2 (2009 November 10)

Received 2009 July 5, accepted for publication 2009 September 18

Published 2009 October 20



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