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Observations of the 599 Hz Accreting X-Ray Pulsar IGR J00291+5934 during the 2004 Outburst and in Quiescence

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M. A. P. Torres1, P. G. Jonker1,2,3, D. Steeghs1, G. H. A. Roelofs4, J. S. Bloom5, J. Casares6, E. E. Falco1, M. R. Garcia1, T. R. Marsh7, M. Mendez2,3,8, J. M. Miller1,9, G. Nelemans4 and P. Rodríguez-Gil6

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We report on optical and near-infrared observations obtained during and after the 2004 December discovery outburst of the X-ray transient and accretion-powered millisecond pulsar IGR J00291+5934. Our observations monitored the evolution of the brightness and the spectral properties of IGR J00291+5934 during the outburst decay toward quiescence. We also present optical, near-infrared, and Chandra observations obtained during true quiescence. Photometry of the field during outburst reveals an optical and near-infrared counterpart that brightened from Rsimeq 23 to Rsimeq 17 and from K = 19 to Ksimeq 16. Spectral analysis of the RIJHK broadband photometry shows excess in the near-infrared bands that may be due to synchrotron emission. The Hα emission line profile suggests the orbital inclination is simeq22°-32°. The preferred range for the reddening toward the source is 0.7 ≤ E(B − V) ≤ 0.9, which is equivalent to 4.06 × 1021 cm −2NH ≤ 5.22 × 1021 cm−2. The Chandra observations of the pulsar in its quiescent state gave an unabsorbed 0.5-10 keV flux for the best-fitting power-law model to the source spectrum of (7.0 ± 0.9) × 10−14 ergs cm−2 s−1 (adopting a hydrogen column of 4.6 × 1021 cm−2). The fit resulted in a power-law photon index of 2.4+ 0.5−0.4. The (R − K)0 color observed during quiescence supports an irradiated donor star and accretion disk. We estimate a distance of 2-4 kpc toward IGR J00291+5934 by using the outburst X-ray light curve and the estimated critical X-ray luminosity necessary to keep the outer parts of the accretion disk ionized. Using the quiescent X-ray luminosity and the spin period, we constrain the magnetic field of the neutron star to be <3 × 108 G.

Subject headings

accretion, accretion disks; binaries: close; stars: individual (IGR J00291+5934); X-rays: stars


Dates

Issue 2 (2008 January 10)

Received 2007 January 4, accepted for publication 2007 August 16



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