D. Hollenbach et al. 2005 ApJ 631 1180 doi:10.1086/432638
Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: Upper Limits to the Gas Mass in HD 105
FREED. Hollenbach1, U. Gorti2, M. Meyer3, J. S. Kim3, P. Morris4, J. Najita5, I. Pascucci3, J. Carpenter6, J. Rodmann7, T. Brooke6, L. Hillenbrand6, E. Mamajek8, D. Padgett4, D. Soderblom9, S. Wolf7 and J. Lunine10
Show affiliationsWe report infrared spectroscopic observations of HD 105, a nearby (~40 pc) and relatively young (~30 Myr) G0 star with excess infrared continuum emission, which has been modeled as arising from an optically thin circumstellar dust disk with an inner hole of size 
13 AU. We have used the high spectral resolution mode of the Infrared Spectrometer (IRS) on the Spitzer Space Telescope to search for gas emission lines from the disk. The observations reported here provide upper limits to the fluxes of H2 S(0) 28 μm, H2 S(1) 17 μm, H2 S(2) 12 μm, [Fe II] 26 μm, [Si II] 35 μm, and [S I] 25 μm infrared emission lines. The H2 line upper limits place direct constraints on the mass of warm molecular gas in the disk: M(H2) < 4.6, 3.8 × 10-2, and 3.0 × 10-3 MJ at T = 50, 100, and 200 K, respectively. We also compare the line flux upper limits to predictions from detailed thermal/chemical models of various gas distributions in the disk. These comparisons indicate that if the gas distribution has an inner hole with radius ri,gas, the surface density at that inner radius is limited to values ranging from 
3 g cm-2 at ri,gas = 0.5 AU to 0.1 g cm-2 at ri,gas = 5-20 AU. These values are considerably below the value for a minimum mass solar nebula, and suggest that less than 1 Jupiter mass (MJ) of gas (at any temperature) exists in the 1-40 AU planet-forming region. Therefore, it is unlikely that there is sufficient gas for gas giant planet formation to occur in HD 105 at this time.
- Subject headings
infrared: stars; planetary systems: formation; planets and satellites: formation; solar system: formation; stars: individual (HD 105)
- Dates
-
Issue 2 (2005 October 1)
Received 2005 February 28, accepted for publication 2005 June 9
-
Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: Upper Limits to the Gas Mass in HD 105
D. Hollenbach et al. 2005 ApJ 631 1180
-
HD 8801: A Unique Single Am Star with γ Doradus and δ Scuti Pulsations
Gregory W. Henry and Francis C. Fekel 2005 The Astronomical Journal 129 2026
-
Comparing the mathematical models of Lighthill to the performance of a biomimetic fish
Robert L McMasters et al 2008 Bioinspir. Biomim. 3 016002
-
Surface characteristics and in vitro biocompatibility of titanium anodized in a phosphoric acid solution at different voltages
Z X Chen et al 2009 Biomed. Mater. 4 065003
-
Direct Detection of the Close Companion of Polaris with the Hubble Space Telescope
Nancy Remage Evans et al. 2008 The Astronomical Journal 136 1137
-
Reconsidering 'appropriate technology': the effects of operating conditions on the bacterial removal performance of two household drinking-water filter systems
Jill Baumgartner et al 2007 Environ. Res. Lett. 2 024003
-
Magnetization relaxation in the single-molecule magnet Ni4 under continuous microwave irradiation
G. de Loubens et al 2008 EPL 83 37006
-
Evaluation of a modified Fitts law brain–computer interface target acquisition task in able and motor disabled individuals
E A Felton et al 2009 J. Neural Eng. 6 056002
-
Strong electronic correlations in superconducting organic charge transfer salts
B J Powell and Ross H McKenzie 2006 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 18 R827
-
The ribosome structure controls and directs mRNA entry, translocation and exit dynamics
Ozge Kurkcuoglu et al 2008 Phys. Biol. 5 046005
Users also read
What's this?- Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: Upper Limits to the Gas Mass in Disks around Sun-like Stars
- A Survey for Massive Giant Planets in Debris Disks with Evacuated Inner Cavities
- Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems: Cold Outer Disks Associated with Sun-like Stars