Claes Fransson et al. 2005 ApJ 622 991 doi:10.1086/426495
Hubble Space Telescope and Ground-based Observations of SN 1993J and SN 1998S: CNO Processing in the Progenitors*
FREEClaes Fransson1, Peter M. Challis2, Roger A. Chevalier3, Alexei V. Filippenko4, Robert P. Kirshner2, Cecilia Kozma1, Douglas C. Leonard5,6, Thomas Matheson2, E. Baron7, Peter Garnavich8, Saurabh Jha4, Bruno Leibundgut9, Peter Lundqvist1, C. S. J. Pun10, Lifan Wang11 and J. Craig Wheeler12
Show affiliationsGround-based and Hubble Space Telescope observations are presented for SN 1993J and SN 1998S. SN 1998S shows strong, relatively narrow circumstellar emission lines of N III-V and C III-IV, as well as broad lines from the ejecta. Both the broad ultraviolet and optical lines in SN 1998S indicate an expansion velocity of ~7000 km s-1. The broad emission components of Lyα and Mg II are strongly asymmetrical after day 72 past the explosion and differ in shape from Hα. Different models based on dust extinction from dust in the ejecta or shock region, in combination with Hα from a circumstellar torus, are discussed. It is concluded, however, that the double-peaked line profiles are more likely to arise as a result of optical depth effects in the narrow, cool, dense shell behind the reverse shock than in a torus-like region. The ultraviolet lines of SN 1993J are broad, with a boxlike shape, coming from the ejecta and a cool, dense shell. The shapes of the lines are well fitted by a shell with inner velocity ~7000 km s-1 and outer velocity ~10,000 km s-1. For both SN 1993J and SN 1998S a strong nitrogen enrichment is found, with N/C ≈ 12.4 in SN 1993J and N/C ≈ 6.0 in SN 1998S. From a compilation of all supernovae with determined CNO ratios, we discuss the implications of these observations for the structure of the progenitors of Type II supernovae.
- Footnote
- Subject headings
circumstellar matter; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; stars: evolution; stars: mass loss; supernovae: individual (SN 1993J, SN 1998S)
- Dates
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Issue 2 (2005 April 1)
Received 2004 June 23, accepted for publication 2004 September 17
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Hubble Space Telescope and Ground-based Observations of SN 1993J and SN 1998S: CNO Processing in the Progenitors
Claes Fransson et al. 2005 ApJ 622 991
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